ABSTRACT
The purpose of this analysis is to double-check the phrasing in order to make it simpler for experts and scientists to comprehend the impact of the coronavirus on the tourism industry and develop solutions to this problem. This study looks at how and why the pandemic has affected people's freedoms by analyzing the events and worries that have arisen as a result of the virus's spread. By doing so, the study pinpoints personality traits, societal norms, and unproven assumptions that the tourist sector needs to challenge and change. The report also examines the severe difficulties encountered by the travel industry throughout the Coronavirus phases and analyses some issues with the proposed remedy based on Salesforce technology. This document summarizes the nature and scope of the coronavirus, its effects on the tourism sector, and suggestions for analyzing those effects and mitigating some of them through the use of Salesforce's 'Travel Log Analysis.' © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Novel coronavirus-2019 (nCoV-2019) emerged as a potentially infectious respiratory disease caused by newly discovered β-coronavirus. nCoV-19 has emerged as a global pandemic due to the rapid transmission and high infection rate commonly involved in acute respiratory ill-ness. Literature search includes various databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus for studies published using a different combination of keywords “coronavius”, “COVID-19”, “SARS”, “MERS”, “antiviral drugs”, “vaccines”, and “immunity”. We collected epidemiology data from the Worldometer portal (data available till 9 October, 2020). Fever, dry cough, dyspnea, sore throat, or fatigue are common clinical symptoms of the infection. Cytotoxic T-cells and T-helper cells plus Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) account for maximum (approximately 80%) of total infiltrate in the pulmonary region of the affected nCoV individuals and act as a significant contributor to the clearance of the infection. This review intends to outline the literature con-cerning the mode of actual transmission, immune response, and possible therapeutic approach against the virus. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.
ABSTRACT
Objective: One of the best ways to counter any pathogen including SARS-CoV-2 is through enhancement of self-immune response. Tetherin or BST2 is one such interferon-induced antiviral protein or immune regulatory protein of the human host that can restrict the release of virions of SARS-CoV-2. The ORF7a encoded protein of SARS-CoV-2 in-turn has been found to act as an antagonist to the human tetherin protein by interacting with key amino acid residues, thereby weakening the immune response. Methods: In this research after consensus analysis of results from various servers mutations have been induced in selected residues of ORF7a coronavirus protein. Most conserved residues have been obtained through Consurf server, ligand binding pockets, and active sites have been identified after combining results from multiple servers like CastP and 3DLigand Site. Results: The most deleterious mutation has been identified through DUET and DynaMut servers and mutations induced thereafter have been tested for a decrease in binding affinity through the HawkDock server. The protein-protein interaction studies have been performed before and after the induction of mutation through the HawkDock server. Conclusions: The decrease in binding affinity between human tetherin and ORF7a protein is supportive of the need to study the induction of mutation and its detrimental effect on viruses, so that effective combat study can be designed with the interplay of our native immune system and drugs from external sources. Moreover, other deterrents like anti-viral peptides can be designed against selected amino acids. © IJCRR.